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JTT-851 is an orally active small molecule drug developed as an agonist of the free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1), also known as GPR40. It was designed to stimulate insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, making it a potential antihyperglycemic agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The drug was developed by Japan Tobacco and its subsidiary Akros Pharma. Clinical development reached Phase 2 trials in both Japan and the USA but was discontinued before reaching approval due to concerns over safety or efficacy[1][2][5]. As a G protein-coupled receptor agonist, JTT-851 acts by stimulating FFAR1/GPR40 on pancreatic beta cells, thereby enhancing insulin secretion in response to elevated blood glucose levels[1][4].
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