K562-GM vaccine + cyclophosphamide + celecoxib

A combination immunotherapy regimen consisting of an allogeneic tumor cell vaccine (K562-GM), metronomic cyclophosphamide, and celecoxib. The K562-GM vaccine is derived from the K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cell line, genetically modified to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Upon injection, GM-CSF recruits and activates dendritic cells to the vaccination site, where they engulf the irradiated tumor cells and present a broad array of tumor-associated antigens to the immune system. Cyclophosphamide is administered at low (metronomic) doses to selectively deplete regulatory T cells (Tregs), while celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, is used to reduce immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 levels. This multi-pronged approach is designed to overcome immune tolerance and stimulate a robust anti-tumor T-cell response in patients with resected metastatic sarcomas, melanomas, germ cell tumors, or epithelial malignancies.

Other names

Allogeneic tumor cell vaccine (K562)GVAX K562