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Karolinska Cocktail
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- Karolinska Institutet
- Modality
- Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral
01
Overview
The Karolinska Cocktail is a validated pharmacokinetic phenotyping tool used to simultaneously assess the activity of five major human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Developed at the Karolinska Institutet, it consists of a combination of five probe drugs: caffeine (CYP1A2), losartan (CYP2C9), omeprazole (CYP2C19), debrisoquine (CYP2D6), and quinine (CYP3A4). By measuring the metabolic ratios of these drugs in plasma or urine, researchers can characterize interindividual variability in drug metabolism, evaluate potential drug-drug interactions, and study the impact of physiological changes, such as bariatric surgery, on enzyme activity. It is primarily used as a research and diagnostic probe rather than a therapeutic agent.
- Other names
- Karolinska phenotyping cocktail
02
Targets
CYP2C19 (Cytochrome P450 2C19)CYP1A2 (Cytochrome P450 1A2)CYP3A4 (Cytochrome P450 3A4)CYP2C9 (Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9)
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