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Lactobacillus bulgaricus 6c3 is a specific probiotic bacterial strain identified for its ability to reduce serum levels of indoxyl sulfate (IS), a uremic toxin associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular complications. In research settings, it has been formulated as a synbiotic by combining the lyophilized bacteria (at a concentration of 10^6 CFU/g) with the prebiotics inulin and fructooligosaccharides (FOS). The strain was selected based on its superior probiotic functionality and safety profile, showing 99.7% similarity to Lactobacillus bulgaricus via 16S rRNA sequencing. In preclinical rat models of CKD, administration of this synbiotic significantly attenuated the increase of indoxyl sulfate and reduced renal fibrosis, although it did not show protective effects against cardiac fibrosis. It is currently an academic research compound rather than a commercially developed pharmaceutical.
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