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Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 is a probiotic bacterial strain originally isolated from the feces of exclusively breast-fed infants. It was characterized and developed by researchers at the University of Granada in collaboration with the Hero Group. The strain demonstrates significant immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, including the ability to modulate macrophage gene expression and reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-12 while increasing anti-inflammatory markers like IL-10. In preclinical models, it has shown efficacy in reducing hepatic steatosis and lowering serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in obese Zucker rats. Clinical studies in healthy adults and athletes have evaluated its safety, intestinal colonization, and effects on the immune system and stress parameters. It is often formulated as part of synbiotic mixtures, such as Gasteel Plus, for gastrointestinal and immune health.
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