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LBmix is an experimental probiotic combination consisting of two specific lactobacilli strains: *Lactobacillus crispatus* LMG P-23257 and *Lactobacillus rhamnosus* ATCC 53103. Developed for the treatment of autoimmune conditions, particularly Myasthenia Gravis, LBmix functions by modulating the gut microbiota and the host's immune response. Its mechanism of action involves interacting with the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT), specifically dendritic cells and T cells within Peyer's Patches. This interaction is mediated by Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) recognition of bacterial lipoteichoic acid, which subsequently upregulates immunoregulatory markers such as Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGFβ) and FoxP3. In preclinical models of Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis (EAMG), LBmix has been shown to attenuate disease symptoms and reduce serum levels of anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies, although it was found to be less potent than bifidobacteria-based mixtures in therapeutic settings.
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