leucoside

Leucoside is a natural flavonoid isolated from tea seed extract (*Camellia* species) that functions as a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitor. It exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by competitively binding to conserved positively charged residues (specifically Lys263 and Arg337) within the B patch of TLR4. This binding creates a spatial barrier that prevents the association of myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) with TLR4, thereby blocking the formation of the active TLR4-MD2 signaling complex. Consequently, leucoside suppresses the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway and the subsequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is primarily being investigated for its potential to treat sepsis and other TLR4-mediated inflammatory conditions by reducing systemic inflammation and organ damage.

Other names

Tea seed-derived leucoside