liposomal irinotecan + oxaliplatin + capecitabine + sintilimab

This drug entry refers to a specific total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) regimen being investigated for the treatment of high-risk locally advanced rectal cancer. The regimen consists of a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, specifically liposomal irinotecan (a topoisomerase I inhibitor), oxaliplatin (a platinum-based DNA alkylating agent), capecitabine (a fluoropyrimidine antimetabolite), and sintilimab (a programmed cell death protein 1 [PD-1] inhibitor). In clinical study contexts, this combination is often administered following short-course radiotherapy (SCRT). The goal of this multi-agent approach is to maximize the pathological complete response (pCR) rate, potentially allowing for organ preservation through a 'watch and wait' strategy in patients who achieve a complete clinical response.