liposomal monophosphoryl lipid A

Liposomal monophosphoryl lipid A (liposomal MPL) is an investigational vaccine adjuvant formulation consisting of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) encapsulated within liposomal vesicles. MPL is a detoxified derivative of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Salmonella minnesota R595 that acts as a potent agonist of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). By activating TLR4 on innate immune cells, the adjuvant enhances the magnitude and quality of adaptive immune responses to co-administered antigens. This specific formulation was developed by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) as part of the Army Liposome Formulation (ALF) lineage. It has been evaluated in Phase I clinical trials (e.g., AVEG015) in combination with recombinant HIV-1 envelope proteins like rgp120/HIV-1SF2 to prevent HIV infection.

Other names

lipid a + liposome-encapsulated monophosphorylliposomal MPLliposome-encapsulated monophosphoryl lipid AMPL-liposomes