Liposome encapsulated botulinum toxin A

Liposome encapsulated botulinum toxin A is a novel drug delivery system that combines botulinum toxin A with liposomal technology. It consists of botulinum toxin A encapsulated within liposomes (vesicles comprising concentric phospholipid layers and an aqueous core). This formulation allows for non-invasive intravesical instillation rather than traditional injections. The liposomes enable the toxin to be delivered across cell membranes through endocytosis, protecting the toxin from degradation in urine. Its primary mechanism of action involves inhibiting SNAP25 (Synaptosomal-associated protein 25), which affects neurotransmitter release. This formulation has been investigated primarily for treating bladder disorders including overactive bladder (OAB) and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).