M2-BFs

M2-BFs (Bioactive Factors produced by M2 macrophages) is an experimental biologic therapy consisting of the secretome derived from M2-polarized macrophages. Developed by the Russian Academy of Sciences, the treatment involves the intranasal administration of a complex mixture of bioactive factors, including cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, neuropeptides, and microvesicles. The rationale for M2-BFs is based on the anti-inflammatory and neurorestorative properties of M2 macrophages, which contrast with the pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic effects of M1 macrophages. By utilizing nose-to-brain transport, the therapy aims to deliver these factors directly to the central nervous system to inhibit neuroinflammation, protect neurons from apoptosis, and stimulate neurogenesis, axonal remyelination, and synaptogenesis. Clinical investigations have focused on its potential to improve cognitive and motor functions in patients with organic brain syndrome and to enhance speech development in children with developmental dysphasia.

Other names

Bioactive factors produced by M2 macrophagesAutologous M2 macrophage-derived bioactive factorsM2 macrophage secretomeM-2 macrophage secretomeM 2 macrophage secretome