manganese + selenium + gemcitabine

This is an investigational, targeted nano-drug delivery system designed to deliver gemcitabine (a chemotherapy agent), selenium (an essential trace element), and manganese to tumor sites—specifically those overexpressing CD44, a cell surface marker common in cancers but not healthy tissues[2]. The system exploits hyaluronic acid (HA)-mediated CD44 targeting for selective accumulation in tumor tissue, as well as the pH sensitivity of gemcitabine and selenium for controlled release[2]. Once in the tumor microenvironment, manganese ions activate the cGAS-STING innate immune pathway to prime the tumor for immune attack, while selenium nanoparticles and manganese ions together generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to mitochondrial damage and enhanced apoptosis in cancer cells[2]. This combination also promotes macrophage maturation, inhibits M2 polarization, and enhances the cytotoxic function of T lymphocytes against tumor cells[2]. The approach represents a convergence of chemotherapy (gemcitabine), trace element therapy (selenium), and immunotherapy (manganese cGAS-STING activation) within a single nanoparticle platform.

Other names

manganese nanosheets loaded with selenium and gemcitabine