maytenus ilicifolia

Maytenus ilicifolia is a medicinal plant native to South America, especially Brazil and Argentina, commonly known as "espinheira santa." It is widely used in traditional medicine for its anti-ulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, cytoprotective and wound-healing properties. The primary indications are the treatment of gastric ulcers, gastritis, dyspepsia (indigestion), and other digestive disorders. Its leaves contain various bioactive compounds including polyphenols (tannins and flavonoids), triterpenes (such as friedelina and friedelanol), kaempferol glycosides, quercetin derivatives and others. Mechanistically, Maytenus ilicifolia exhibits antioxidant effects that protect normal cells from oxidative stress; it also reduces gastric acid secretion via specific polyphenolic constituents[4][6][8]. Some studies suggest cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines through induction of apoptosis involving caspase-3 activation and Bcl-2 downregulation[8]. Additionally, extracts can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) enzyme activity as well as P-glycoprotein-mediated drug transport in vitro[1], indicating potential for herb-drug interactions. Clinical studies show good tolerability up to 2000 mg/day with minor reversible side effects such as dry mouth or increased urination[6].

Other names

espinheira santaMaytenusCelastraceae maytenus ilicifolia