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ME-143 is a synthetic second-generation tumor-specific NADH oxidase (tNOX) inhibitor developed as an anti-cancer agent. It is an analogue of the first-generation compounds phenoxodiol and triphendiol but demonstrates significantly greater potency in preclinical studies. ME-143 acts by binding to tNOX and inhibiting plasma membrane electron transport (pMET), leading to inhibition of AKT phosphorylation, inactivation of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), and induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis through both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Additionally, it directly inhibits mitochondrial NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I), resulting in reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption and dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Preclinical data show broad anti-tumor activity against various cancer cell lines including breast, colorectal, and ovarian cancers. The drug was initially developed by Marshall Edwards (now known as Novogen SAS/MEI Pharma) as part of their proprietary isoflavone technology platform[1][4][5][6]. Clinical development included a Phase I trial for advanced solid tumors; however, further development has been discontinued[2].
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