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The combination of **medium chain triglycerides + soya oil + sodium chloride** refers to an experimental intradialytic treatment regimen developed and studied by **Hospices Civils De Lyon**. It is primarily investigated for the prevention and management of intradialytic muscle cramps in patients with **end-stage renal disease (ESRD)** undergoing hemodialysis. The formulation typically consists of a lipid emulsion containing medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) and long-chain triglycerides (derived from soya oil), administered intravenously during the dialysis session, often in conjunction with or compared against a sodium chloride (saline) solution. The mechanism of action is based on the hypothesis that muscle cramps during dialysis are triggered by an acute energy deficit in muscle cells. By providing a readily available source of fatty acids for mitochondrial beta-oxidation, the emulsion helps maintain cellular ATP levels and membrane stability, thereby reducing the incidence of painful, involuntary muscle contractions. This approach aims to improve the quality of life and treatment adherence for hemodialysis patients.
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