melarsomine dihydrochloride

Melarsomine dihydrochloride is an organic arsenical compound used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of heartworm disease caused by *Dirofilaria immitis* in dogs. It is the only FDA-approved adulticide for this indication. The drug acts by interfering with the metabolism of the parasite, specifically targeting adult and late-stage immature heartworms, likely through the inhibition of sulfhydryl-containing enzymes essential for glycolysis and energy production. It is administered via deep intramuscular injection into the epaxial (lumbar) muscles. Due to the potential for arsenic toxicity and the risk of pulmonary thromboembolism as the worms die, treatment requires strict exercise restriction and careful clinical monitoring.

Brand names

ImmiticideDiroban

Other names

melarsomine