menthol + camphor + capsaicin

A combination topical analgesic for **temporary relief of minor aches and pains in muscles and joints**, typically used in the form of creams, gels, or patches. - **Menthol** acts as a counterirritant, producing a cooling sensation by activating TRPM8 receptors and reducing pain perception. - **Camphor** also acts as a counterirritant, producing both cooling and warming sensations that distract from pain, as well as mild local anesthetic effects via TRPV1 and other channels. - **Capsaicin** (from capsicum) acts via sustained activation and subsequent desensitization of the TRPV1 (vanilloid) receptor, resulting in depletion of substance P, a neuropeptide involved in pain transmission, which leads to reduced pain signal transmission[3][5]. The combination is commonly available over the counter for musculoskeletal pain associated with arthritis, backache, sprains, and strains.

Brand names

Tiger Balm Pain Relieving Patch

Other names

camphor, capsicum, and menthol topical