mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are a class of cell-free therapeutic agents consisting of nano-sized, membrane-bound vesicles—including exosomes and microvesicles—secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These vesicles serve as critical mediators of paracrine signaling, transporting a complex cargo of bioactive proteins, lipids, and regulatory RNA species (such as microRNAs and mRNAs) to recipient cells. By recapitulating the regenerative and immunomodulatory properties of their parent MSCs, MSC-EVs offer a safer alternative to cell-based therapies, as they lack the capacity for self-replication, carry a lower risk of microvascular embolism, and exhibit reduced immunogenicity. Their therapeutic mechanism involves the modulation of multiple pathways, including the inhibition of TGF-β-mediated fibrosis, suppression of NF-κB and NLRP3-driven inflammation, and promotion of tissue repair through the delivery of specific miRNAs like miR-4436. MSC-EVs are currently being evaluated in clinical and preclinical studies for a diverse range of indications, including acute-on-chronic liver failure, liver cirrhosis, spinal cord injury, osteoarthritis, and chronic respiratory conditions.

Brand names

ExoFlo

Other names

MSC-EVMSC-EVsMSC-derived extracellular vesiclesMSC exosomesmesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesiclesUC-MSC-EVsBM-MSC-EVsPd-MSC-EV