metformin + caffeine

Metformin + caffeine is a combination of two small molecule drugs, metformin and caffeine. Metformin is an oral antihyperglycemic agent in the biguanide class, primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes by decreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity. Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant that acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist, commonly found in coffee and other beverages. The combination has been studied preclinically for potential synergistic effects, particularly in oncology; for example, co-administration of metformin with caffeine inhibited fibrosarcoma growth in animal models without observed toxicity[1][2]. There are no approved pharmaceutical products combining these two agents specifically for clinical use.