metformin + chemotherapy

Metformin + chemotherapy refers to the **combination of metformin, a well-established oral antihyperglycemic agent (biguanide), with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment**. Metformin exerts its anticancer effects primarily through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), leading to inhibition of the mTOR pathway, reduction of tumor cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, modulation of tumor metabolism, and enhancement of chemotherapy efficacy. Chemotherapy drugs (such as carboplatin, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, cytarabine, etc.) act on DNA synthesis/mitosis to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells. This combination is investigated for potential **synergistic antitumor effects**, improved chemotherapy sensitivity, decreased chemotherapy resistance, and reduced toxicity in various cancers. It is currently not a single branded product, but rather an investigational regimen evaluated in clinical trials, especially for ovarian, breast, lung, and hematologic cancers[1][2][5].