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This combination therapy consists of metformin, ergocalciferol (vitamin D2), and calcium carbonate. It was investigated by the University of Alabama at Birmingham in a feasibility clinical trial (NCT01107808) specifically targeting insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors in obese African American adolescent females with vitamin D deficiency. Metformin, a biguanide, works by decreasing hepatic glucose production and increasing peripheral insulin sensitivity through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The addition of ergocalciferol and calcium carbonate aims to address the established association between low vitamin D levels and decreased insulin sensitivity in this specific at-risk population, potentially providing synergistic benefits for metabolic and cardiovascular health.
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