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metformin + gliclazide + Protaphane
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Modality
- Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes, Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral, Subcutaneous
01
Overview
This therapeutic regimen is a combination treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, representing a conventional stepwise approach to glycemic control. It consists of three distinct pharmacological agents: metformin, gliclazide, and Protaphane (NPH insulin). Metformin is a biguanide that primarily reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity. Gliclazide is a second-generation sulfonylurea that stimulates pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin by blocking ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Protaphane is an intermediate-acting human NPH (Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) insulin that provides basal insulin coverage. This specific combination was utilized as the standard care control arm in the JUBILEE (JanUmet Before Insulin Lantus In Eastern Population Evaluation Program) Phase 4 clinical trial conducted by the Chinese University of Hong Kong to evaluate the efficacy and safety of newer treatment regimens in Chinese patients.
- Brand names
- Protaphane
- Other names
- metformin + gliclazide + NPH insulinmetformin + sulfonylurea + intermediate-acting basal insulin
02
Targets
AMPK (Adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase)INSR (Insulin receptor)
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