methyldopa

Methyldopa is a centrally acting antihypertensive small molecule used primarily to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), including as a preferred option during pregnancy[1][2][5]. It works by being metabolized in the brain to alpha-methylnorepinephrine, which acts as an agonist at presynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. This reduces central sympathetic outflow, leading to vasodilation and decreased peripheral vascular resistance without significantly affecting cardiac output[5][6][8]. Methyldopa is available in oral tablet and solution forms and is only available by prescription. Common side effects include drowsiness, headache, weakness, and fluid retention; serious risks include liver damage and blood disorders[4].

Brand names

Aldomet

Other names

alpha-methyldopaα-methyldopa