MF59-adjuvanted H5N8 influenza vaccine

**MF59-adjuvanted H5N8 influenza vaccine** is an inactivated influenza vaccine targeting the H5N8 avian influenza virus strain, enhanced with the **MF59** oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant composed of squalene, polysorbate 80, and sorbitan trioleate. MF59 acts by rapidly inducing chemokines and inflammatory cytokines at the injection site, recruiting immune cells including monocytes, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and others, creating an immunogenic microenvironment that promotes antigen presentation, germinal center formation, isotype-switched IgG antibodies, memory B and T cells, and cross-reactive responses against heterologous strains. Developed primarily for pandemic preparedness, it demonstrates CD4 T cell-independent adjuvant effects while requiring MHC class II, enhancing immunogenicity in vulnerable populations like children, elderly, and immunocompromised individuals, with superior potency over alum in boosting hemagglutination inhibition titers and protection.