MF59C.1

MF59C.1 is a proprietary immunologic adjuvant used in human vaccines, primarily influenza vaccines. It is an oil-in-water emulsion composed of squalene (9.75 mg per 0.5 ml dose), polysorbate 80 (1.175 mg), sorbitan trioleate (1.175 mg), sodium citrate (0.66 mg), and citric acid (0.04 mg). The addition of citrate distinguishes it as the second generation of the original MF59 adjuvant, improving its stability[5][4][6]. Developed originally by Chiron Corporation and now produced by Seqirus/Novartis, MF59C.1 enhances both antibody and T-cell responses to vaccine antigens by rapidly inducing chemokines and cytokines that recruit multiple immune cells to the injection site[7][2]. It has been shown to increase immunogenicity in elderly adults and those with chronic illnesses when used in influenza vaccines such as Fluad or Adjuvanted Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Seqirus[4][8]. Its safety profile is well established through extensive use since 1997 in Europe and since 2016 in North America[3].

Brand names

MF59MF-59MF 59

Other names

MF59C.1MF-59C.1MF 59C.1