microRNA-199a

microRNA-199a (miR-199a) is a highly conserved microRNA family that plays a critical role in regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally across various physiological and pathological contexts, including oncology, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. It exists as two mature strands, miR-199a-3p and miR-199a-5p, which target distinct sets of mRNAs. In therapeutic development, synthetic miR-199a mimics are investigated for their ability to restore downregulated levels in diseases like hepatocellular carcinoma and ischemic stroke, where they often act as tumor suppressors or neuroprotective agents. Conversely, antagomirs or inhibitors targeting miR-199a are explored for conditions where the microRNA is overexpressed, such as in certain models of insulin resistance. miR-199a modulates key signaling pathways, including the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF-κB cascades, by directly binding to the 3' untranslated regions of target genes such as SIRT1, SCD1, and DDIT4.

Other names

microRNA 199amicroRNA199amicroRNA-199a