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MK‑0557 is a highly selective, orally available small molecule antagonist of the neuropeptide Y5 receptor (NPY5R), with a Ki of approximately 1.6 nM. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an orexigenic neuropeptide involved in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. By antagonizing the NPY5 receptor, MK‑0557 was developed as a potential anti-obesity agent and also investigated for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Despite reaching phase III clinical trials for obesity and being studied in phase II trials for cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia, development was discontinued due to limited efficacy in weight loss or prevention of weight regain after diet-induced weight loss[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].
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