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MLL1 siRNA is a small interfering RNA designed to silence the expression of the MLL1 (Myeloid/Lymphoid or Mixed-Lineage Leukemia 1) gene, also known as KMT2A. MLL1 is a histone lysine methyltransferase that catalyzes the trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3), an epigenetic modification associated with active gene transcription. In the context of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), MLL1 is aberrantly expressed in synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). Experimental depletion of MLL1 using siRNA has been shown to significantly decrease the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6 and IL-15) and chemokines (including CCL2, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CX3CL1) by reducing H3K4me3 levels at their respective gene promoters. This mechanism suggests that targeting MLL1 may offer a novel epigenetic therapeutic approach for managing chronic inflammatory and destructive joint diseases.
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