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**Modified Zhenwu Tang** is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal formula derived from the classical Zhenwu Tang, with various modifications tailored to individual patient presentations or therapeutic goals. The base formula Zhenwu Tang contains five main herbs: aconite (fuzi), poria (fuling), white atractylodes (baizhu), white peony root (baishao), and ginger (shengjiang). As a modified prescription, it may include additions or substitutions based on TCM syndrome differentiation or targeted indication. Mechanistically, Modified Zhenwu Tang acts as a multi-component, multi-target herbal decoction that warms spleen and kidney yang, promotes fluid metabolism, reduces fluid retention and edema, and exhibits anti-inflammatory, diuretic, renoprotective, and immunomodulatory properties. It is primarily indicated in TCM for "spleen and kidney yang deficiency with fluid retention," manifesting as edema, fatigue, dizziness, and related symptoms. In contemporary research and clinical application, modifications of Zhenwu Tang have been studied for early diabetic nephropathy[9], renal fibrosis[1], and other chronic fluid-retention pathologies—often showing potential benefits in albuminuria, kidney function, and systemic symptoms. The mechanisms are multi-faceted, including regulation of oxidative stress, metabolic pathways (energy, lipid metabolism), renin-angiotensin system modulation, improvement of vascular permeability, and immune modulation via the herbal constituents. As a modified herbal formula, the detailed composition and thus the chemical makeup/mechanism may vary based on the clinical scenario and herbalists’ judgment.
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