Molecular hydrogen

Molecular hydrogen (H2) is a colorless, odorless gas composed of two hydrogen atoms. It has been investigated as a preventive and therapeutic medical agent due to its selective antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Molecular hydrogen can penetrate biomembranes and reach cell nuclei where it selectively scavenges highly reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-), thereby preventing DNA damage[1][2][6]. Its mechanisms include direct neutralization of strong oxidants; stimulation of the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway leading to increased expression of antioxidant enzymes like heme oxygenase-1; inhibition of Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) signaling; modulation of cellular signaling pathways including AMPK; and protection against lipid peroxidation[2][6]. Molecular hydrogen is being studied for potential benefits in metabolic syndrome, organ injury, cancer prevention/treatment, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease[1][5], pulmonary diseases[2], exercise recovery[3], and general anti-aging effects. Administration routes include inhalation of the gas, drinking or bathing in hydrogen-rich water or saline solutions.

Brand names

HydrogeniQH2envirOH-2envirOH 2envirO

Other names

HydrogenHydrogen gasHydrogen-rich waterHydrogen-rich salineProtium