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Morus nigra leaf extract is a phytochemical mixture derived from the leaves of the black mulberry tree (Morus nigra). It contains various bioactive compounds including glycosylated flavonoids (kaempferol-3-O-glycoside, quercetin-3-O-glycoside), β-sitosterol, phenolic compounds, and anthocyanins[2][1]. The extract has demonstrated **antidiabetic, antinociceptive (pain-reducing), hepatoprotective, antidepressant-like, antibacterial, antioxidant, and potential anticancer effects** in preclinical studies[1][3][11][7][9][8]. Mechanisms of action include inhibition of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes (leading to slower glucose absorption), reduction of inflammatory cytokines, enhancement of anti-inflammatory cytokines, antioxidative effects, and cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines[1][3][11][8]. Morus nigra leaf extracts have also been investigated in animal models for protection against oxidative stress and hepatic injury[1]. The extract is primarily used in traditional and alternative medicine, and is marketed as an ingredient in dietary supplements and cosmetics, especially for skin lightening and anti-acne purposes[4][10]. It is not an approved pharmaceutical drug.
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