mussel adhesive protein

Mussel adhesive protein (MAP) is a naturally derived protein extracted from the byssal glands of marine mussels. It is renowned for its remarkable ability to adhere strongly to both organic and inorganic surfaces in wet environments—a property attributed primarily to the presence of catechol-containing amino acids such as L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (Dopa), as well as lysine residues[1][3][7]. MAP forms robust covalent and noncovalent interactions including oxidative cross-linking, metal–catechol coordination, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and π–π/cation–π interactions[7]. In biomedical applications, MAP has been developed into bio-adhesive gels and patches for topical drug delivery and wound closure due to its strong adhesion under moist conditions and biocompatibility[2][6]. It exhibits anti-inflammatory properties that can relieve skin inflammation and improve skin barrier function[1][8][9]. Mussel adhesive proteins are being evaluated clinically for use in sensitive skin treatments via microneedling delivery systems[1], customized underwater bio-adhesive patches for internal organ repair or device fixation[6], wound healing with minimized scarring[6], dental adhesives modification[1], and other dermatological or surgical uses. Recombinant versions have also been engineered for enhanced performance in medical settings.

Other names

MAPmussel foot proteinmarine mussel adhesive proteinnature's glue