n-caffeoyltyramine

N-Caffeoyltyramine is a naturally occurring small molecule classified as a hydroxycinnamic acid amide, specifically a phenylpropanoid amide. It consists of a caffeoyl group attached to a tyramine backbone and is found in various plants, including Lycium chinense (goji berry) and Solanum tuberosum (potato). N-Caffeoyltyramine exhibits notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and arginase inhibitory properties. Mechanistically, it inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 in LPS-stimulated macrophages. It also suppresses c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation. Additional studies indicate that it can inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity and activate caspase 3, suggesting potential anti-cancer effects. More recently, N-Caffeoyltyramine has been identified as an agonist of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) with implications for metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by promoting mitochondrial function and lipophagy[1][5][6].

Other names

n-cis-caffeoyltyramine