n-hydroxyguanidine

N-hydroxyguanidine is a small molecule derivative of guanidine in which a hydroxyl group is attached to one of the nitrogen atoms. This modification imparts unique chemical and biological properties. It acts primarily as both a substrate and inhibitor for nitric oxide synthase (NOS), leading to the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine or through its own oxidation. The compound has demonstrated antineoplastic (anticancer) and antiviral activities in vitro and in vivo, with derivatives showing enhanced potency compared to hydroxyurea. Additionally, it exhibits antimicrobial activity against resistant bacterial strains and provides cardioprotective effects by reducing ischemic injury in myocardial tissues[2][3][4][7]. Its mechanism involves NO release via NOS interaction, influencing vasodilation, neurotransmission, apoptosis induction in cancer cells, and antimicrobial actions.

Other names

N-HYDROXYGUANIDINEHydroxyguanidine2-Hydroxyguanidine1-hydroxyguanidineGuanidine, hydroxy-Diaminomethylen-hydroxylaminHydroxy-guanidin