N2L

N2L is a synthetic small molecule dimer composed of lipoic acid and niacin, developed as a multifunctional therapeutic candidate for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and lipid metabolism disorders. By combining the antioxidant properties of alpha-lipoic acid with the lipid-regulating effects of niacin, N2L aims to provide neuroprotection while mitigating the flushing side effect typically associated with niacin monotherapy. Preclinical studies in HT22 hippocampal cells demonstrate that N2L protects against beta-amyloid (Aβ1-42)-induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress and programmed cell death. It significantly reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, restores the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), and modulates the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3 signaling pathway to preserve mitochondrial membrane potential.

Other names

lipoic acid-niacin dimerlipoicacid-niacin dimer