nal-IRI + oxaliplatin + fluorouracil + PD-1

This is a combination regimen consisting of four agents: - **nal-IRI (liposomal irinotecan):** A nanoliposomal formulation of irinotecan, a topoisomerase 1 inhibitor. Encapsulation in liposomes prolongs systemic circulation and enhances tumor targeting, leading to increased intratumoral exposure to the active metabolite SN-38 while reducing systemic toxicity. It is approved for metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after gemcitabine-based therapy[1][2][3]. - **Oxaliplatin:** A third-generation platinum-based chemotherapeutic that forms DNA crosslinks, inhibiting DNA replication and transcription. It is widely used in colorectal cancer treatment, often combined with fluorouracil and leucovorin (FOLFOX regimen)[4][5][6]. - **Fluorouracil (5-FU):** An antimetabolite that inhibits thymidylate synthase, disrupting DNA synthesis and function. Commonly used in gastrointestinal cancers as part of multi-drug regimens[4][5][6]. - **PD-1 inhibitor:** Refers to monoclonal antibodies targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on T cells, blocking its interaction with PD-L1/PD-L2 ligands to enhance anti-tumor immune responses. Examples include pembrolizumab or nivolumab. This combination aims to leverage cytotoxic chemotherapy's direct anti-tumor effects with immunotherapy's ability to stimulate immune-mediated tumor destruction.

Other names

NAL-IRI + oxaliplatin + fluorouracil + PD-1NALIRIFOX plus PD-1 inhibitorNALIRIFOX with PD-1 and Radiotherapy