Nal-P-113

Nal-P-113 is a synthetic, modified antimicrobial peptide derived from P-113, itself a fragment of the human salivary protein histatin 5. In Nal-P-113, all histidine residues of P-113 are replaced with β-naphthylalanine (Nal), which enhances its stability and antimicrobial activity in high-salt environments such as the oral cavity[1][2][9]. The peptide exhibits potent bactericidal effects by permeabilizing or forming pores in bacterial cytoplasmic membranes, leading to cell death[4]. It has demonstrated efficacy against key periodontal pathogens including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus gordonii, and Treponema denticola[1][2][3]. Preclinical and clinical studies show that Nal-P-113 reduces biofilm formation, suppresses local inflammation (by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and TNF-α), limits alveolar bone loss in periodontitis models, and promotes repair of oral mucosal ulcers by modulating growth factor expression[7]. Its primary indication is adjunctive treatment for periodontal disease.