naphthazarin

Naphthazarin is a naturally occurring **quinone compound** with the molecular formula C10H6O4, known chemically as **5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone**. As a small molecule, it acts primarily via induction of the **Nrf2/ARE pathway**, promoting antioxidant and detoxifying gene expression (including HO1 and TrxR1), and confers neuroprotection against glutamate-induced neuronal cell death. Mechanistically, it triggers apoptosis through oxidative stress, activation of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), depolymerization of microtubules, p53-dependent p21 activation, and interference with lysosomal function[3][5][9][11]. Naphthazarin demonstrates **anti-tumor** and **antineoplastic** effects, has been shown to **protect neurons** in preclinical neurological models, and possesses additional roles as an antibacterial agent, acaricide, and plant metabolite[7].

Other names

5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone5,8-dihydroxynaphthoquinone5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedioneNaphthazaroneNaphthazarineNaphthazalineMordant Black 37