nasal anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody

Nasal anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody refers to an immunotherapeutic approach delivering anti-CD3 antibodies intranasally to modulate the immune system and treat neuroinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The primary clinical-stage representative of this class is foralumab (formerly NI-0401 or TZLS-401), a fully human IgG1 anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody developed by Tiziana Life Sciences in collaboration with Brigham and Women's Hospital. Intranasal administration of anti-CD3 targets the mucosal immune system to induce regulatory T cells (Tregs), which subsequently migrate to the central nervous system (CNS) and suppress microglial neuroinflammation. This non-invasive route of administration is designed to avoid the systemic toxicities and cytokine release syndrome historically associated with intravenous anti-CD3 therapies. Nasal anti-CD3 is currently under clinical evaluation for neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory conditions, including non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (na-SPMS), Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), and has shown preclinical promise in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Other names

anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodyanti-CD-3 monoclonal antibodyanti-CD 3 monoclonal antibodyforalumabintranasal foralumabnasal anti-CD3nasal anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodynasal foralumab