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NBT-103 is a D-retro-inverso senolytic peptide developed by Numeric Biotech that selectively induces apoptosis in senescent cells by disrupting the FOXO4-p53 interaction. In senescent cells, the transcription factor FOXO4 sequesters the tumor suppressor p53 within the nucleus, preventing it from triggering apoptosis. NBT-103 acts as a competitive inhibitor of this binding; by disrupting the FOXO4-p53 complex, it facilitates the translocation of p53 to the mitochondria, where it induces programmed cell death. This selective clearance of senescent cells reduces the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, or SASP), such as IL-6. Preclinical studies have demonstrated its potential to improve organ function in models of kidney, liver, and muscle dysfunction, and it is being investigated for the treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The D-retro-inverso configuration is utilized to enhance the peptide's stability and resistance to proteolytic degradation.
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