neoantigen-based dendritic cell immune preparation

Neoantigen-based dendritic cell (DC) immune preparations are a form of personalized cancer immunotherapy in which autologous or allogeneic dendritic cells are loaded ex vivo with tumor-specific neoantigens—unique antigens arising from somatic mutations in a patient's tumor. These loaded DCs are then administered to the patient, where they function as professional antigen-presenting cells, presenting the neoantigens via MHC class I and II molecules to T cells. This process activates cytotoxic and helper T-cell responses specifically targeting tumor cells bearing these unique antigens. The approach is highly individualized, relying on next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics to identify patient-specific neoantigens, which can be delivered as synthetic peptides, mRNA, or whole tumor lysates. Neoantigen-based DC vaccines have demonstrated safety and immunogenicity in early-phase clinical trials for various solid tumors such as melanoma, glioblastoma, and non-small cell lung cancer[1][2][3][4]. They represent an advanced strategy aiming for robust anti-tumor immunity with minimal risk of autoimmunity due to the specificity of the targeted antigens.

Other names

neoantigen-based DC vaccinepersonalized neoantigen-pulsed DC vaccineneoantigen-loaded dendritic cell vaccine