neoantigen dendritic cell vaccine

Neoantigen Dendritic Cell Vaccine is a personalized cancer immunotherapy designed to stimulate the immune system to recognize and attack tumor cells by presenting patient-specific tumor-derived neoantigens via autologous dendritic cells. Neoantigens are unique peptides generated from somatic mutations in tumor cells and are not present in normal tissues, making them highly immunogenic and specific targets for anti-tumor immunity. The process involves sequencing the patient's tumor DNA/RNA to identify candidate neoepitopes, predicting their binding affinity to HLA molecules, synthesizing selected peptides or encoding mRNA, loading these onto autologous dendritic cells ex vivo, and then administering the matured DCs back into the patient. These vaccines aim to activate both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses against cancer-specific mutations. Neoantigen DC vaccines have shown promising safety profiles and immune activation in early-phase clinical trials across several solid tumors (e.g., melanoma, glioblastoma), but as of 2025 none have received regulatory approval for standard use[1][2][3][6][7].

Other names

neoantigen dendritic cell vaccinepersonalized neoantigen dendritic cell vaccineDC-based neoantigen vaccine