neoantigen-expanded cell therapy

Neoantigen-expanded cell therapy is a form of adoptive cellular immunotherapy in which a patient's own T cells are collected, expanded, and trained ex vivo to specifically recognize tumor-specific neoantigens—unique peptides arising from somatic mutations in cancer cells. The process involves identifying patient-specific tumor mutations through sequencing, predicting immunogenic neoantigens, and then isolating or engineering T cells (often via their native or engineered T-cell receptors) that can recognize these antigens. These neoantigen-reactive T cells are then expanded to large numbers and reinfused into the patient as a living drug. Once administered, these cells seek out and destroy cancer cells presenting the targeted neoantigens while sparing normal tissues. This approach is highly personalized and has shown promise particularly in solid tumors such as melanoma. The mechanism of action relies on the recognition of peptide–MHC complexes by the infused TCRs on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes or peripheral blood-derived autologous T cells[1][2][3][5][7].

Other names

neoantigen-targeted T cell therapyneoantigen-reactive T cell therapyadoptive neoantigen-directed T cell therapy