Neurosecretory protein GL

Neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL) is a novel hypothalamic neuropeptide or small secretory protein identified in the hypothalamus of various vertebrates, including birds, rodents, and fish. It plays a crucial role in regulating energy homeostasis, primarily by stimulating feeding behavior and promoting fat accumulation. Studies have shown that NPGL overexpression can lead to obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and hepatic steatosis in animal models. It has also been implicated in modulating glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, with effects varying based on dietary composition. NPGL acts as an agonist for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR83 and interacts with GABAergic neurons in the hypothalamus, influencing the expression of lipid metabolic factors.