nisin

Nisin is a **polycyclic antibacterial peptide** produced naturally by the bacterium *Lactococcus lactis* and some other Gram-positive bacteria including certain *Streptococcus* species[1][5]. It belongs to the **lantibiotic** class, specifically Type A (I) lantibiotic, and is a **bacteriocin** classified as a ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (lanthipeptide)[1][4][5]. Nisin demonstrates broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, especially against Gram-positive bacteria and spores[1][3][5]. Its mechanism involves **disruption of bacterial cell membrane integrity by forming pores and dissipating membrane potential**[5]. Nisin is **FDA-approved as a safe food preservative (GRAS status)**, but research in recent years demonstrates its additional potential for biomedical use, including treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections, anti-biofilm activity, immunomodulatory effects, and even selective antitumor (anticancer) properties[1][2][3][6]. Nisin is effective in synergy with other drugs as well as alone, and it is utilized predominantly via fermentation processes rather than chemical synthesis[5].

Brand names

Nisaplin

Other names

Nisin ANisin ZNisin QNisin FNisin U