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NRL944 is a novel, soluble solid dispersion (SSD) formulation of the non-systemic antibiotic rifaximin, developed by Norgine. Standard rifaximin is characterized by very low aqueous solubility, which limits its efficacy in certain gastrointestinal environments. The SSD formulation is engineered to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of the drug within the gut lumen. Rifaximin exerts its therapeutic effect by binding to the beta-subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thereby inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis. In the context of hepatic encephalopathy, NRL944 targets ammonia-producing enteric bacteria, reducing the production and systemic absorption of ammonia and other gut-derived neurotoxins that contribute to cognitive impairment in patients with liver cirrhosis. NRL944 is primarily being investigated for the treatment and prevention of hepatic encephalopathy.
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