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NSC-IL-12 is a genetically engineered cell therapy consisting of neural stem cells (NSCs) modified to express and secrete interleukin-12 (IL-12). Developed by academic institutions including Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and Kansas State University, this platform leverages the natural tumor-homing (tropism) properties of NSCs to deliver the potent immunostimulatory cytokine IL-12 directly to tumor sites, such as glioblastoma (glioma) and metastatic breast cancer. Once localized, the secreted IL-12 binds to the interleukin-12 receptor on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, promoting their proliferation, activation, and infiltration into the tumor microenvironment, thereby inducing a robust antitumor immune response while minimizing the systemic toxicity typically associated with recombinant IL-12 administration.
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