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OCN19-overexpressed human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells is an investigational cell and gene therapy designed to treat refractory type 2 diabetes mellitus. This therapeutic product consists of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) that have been genetically modified to overexpress OCN19, a protein variant or fragment of osteocalcin. The mechanism of action is dual-fold: the MSCs provide well-documented immunomodulatory and tissue-regenerative effects, while the overexpressed OCN19 specifically targets the pancreatic environment to directly stimulate insulin gene expression and promote the division and proliferation of islet beta cells. By enhancing endogenous insulin production and repairing islet function, this therapy aims to achieve superior glycemic control compared to standard stem cell treatments. It is currently being evaluated in Phase 2 clinical trials.
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