Pam3CSK4

Pam3CSK4 is a **synthetic triacylated lipopeptide** that acts as a potent **agonist of the Toll-like receptor 2/Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR2/TLR1) heterodimer**[1][3][4][5][6][8]. It mimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial lipoproteins, structurally resembling bacterial cell wall components from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria[1][5]. Pam3CSK4 is widely used in immunological research as a tool for stimulating innate immunity via TLR2/1, activating NF-κB and inducing robust pro-inflammatory responses and cytokine secretion including IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-6, MCP-1, CXCL-1, CXCL-8, and TNF-α[1][3][5][9]. It also upregulates anti-apoptotic and cell survival proteins such as Bcl-2, activates PI3K/Akt signaling, and acts as an adjuvant to enhance immune responses in vaccine formulations[6][7]. Primary applications are as a research-grade immunological adjuvant, including development for sublingual allergy vaccines and flu vaccines[1][6][9]. It is not an approved pharmaceutical for human/veterinary therapy and is supplied for research use only[6].

Brand names

VacciGrade

Other names

Pam3CSK4Pam-3CSK4Pam 3CSK4Pam3-Cys-Ser-Lys4Pam-3-Cys-Ser-Lys4Pam 3-Cys-Ser-Lys4