parmotrema reticulatum extract

Parmotrema reticulatum extract is a natural substance derived from the lichen Parmotrema reticulatum, belonging to the Parmeliaceae family. This extract contains multiple bioactive secondary metabolites, including **a diverse range of phenolic acids (such as salazinic acid, consalazinic acid, atranorin, chloroatranorin, catechin, purpurin, tannic acid, reserpine, and usnic acid)**[1][4][7]. The extract has demonstrated strong **antioxidant** activity, as evidenced by free radical scavenging assays (e.g., DPPH, FRAP), and is capable of **scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species**[1][7]. Additionally, the extract exhibits **antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties**: - It inhibits the growth of several bacterial pathogens such as *Bacillus subtilis*, *Escherichia coli*, *Staphylococcus aureus*, and *Klebsiella pneumoniae*, with acetone and ethanol extracts being particularly potent[1][5]. - In vivo, the acetone and ethanol extracts significantly reduce inflammation (e.g., cotton pellet-induced granuloma and xylene-induced ear edema in mice)[5]. - The methanolic extract halts the cell cycle in cancer cells (notably MCF-7 breast carcinoma) in S and G2/M phases, induces apoptosis via increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase activation, and decreases cellular ROS generation[4][7]. - When formulated as silver nanoparticles, the extract promotes wound healing via enhanced collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and reduced cytotoxicity against normal cells[2][3]. No pharmaceutical company is known to have developed, patented, or marketed this extract as a regulated pharmaceutical drug; it is mainly used and studied in academic and nutraceutical contexts for its biological and therapeutic potential.

Other names

Parmotrema reticulatum methanolic extractPRMEParmotrema reticulatum lichen extract